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Afghanistan - Health System
Beginning in 1979, military conflict destroyed the health system of Afghanistan. Most medical professionals left the country during the 1980s and 90s, and all medical training programs ceased. In 2003 there were 11 physicians and 18 nurses per 100,000 population, and the per capita health expenditure was US$28. In 2004 Afghanistan had one medical facility for every 27,000 people, and some centers were responsible for as many as 300,000 people. In 2004 international organizations provided a large share of medical care. An estimated one-quarter of the population had no access to health care.
At the same time, the physical and psychological effects of war have substantially increased the need for medical care. Infant, child, and maternal mortality rates are among the highest in the world(about 154 per 1,000 which is the third highest in the world after Sierra Leone and Angola and by some estimates as high as 275 per 1,000). In rural areas, one in five children dies before reaching age five. Because of poor sanitation and insufficient potable water supply, infectious and parasitic diseases such as malaria and diarrhea are very common. Malnutrition and poor nutrition also are pervasive. The drought of 1999–2002 exacerbated these conditions. An estimated 800,000 Afghans are disabled.
Despite large-scale international assistance, in 2004 the World Health Organization did not expect Afghanistan’s health indicators to improve substantially for at least a decade.
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General Information:
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